Improvement in ohuens



EDWARD SPAIN, 0F PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

Letters Patent No. 82,652, dated September 29, 1868. i Y

IMPROVEMENT INcHURNs.

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TO ALL WHOM'IT MAY CONCERN:

Beit known that I, EDWARD SPAIN, of Philadelphia., Pennsylvania, haveinvented an Improved Churu; andI do hereby declare the following to bea. full, clear, and exact description ofthe same.

My invention relates to-certain improvements in the. churn for whichLetters Patent were granted to me on the 16th day of May, 1848, andeatended, April 30, 1862; and the improvements consist, first, -of'adasher, having inclined perforated vanes, arranged at au angle withrespect to each other, and to the axisof the dasher, as fully' describedhereafter, so as to e'ect a thorough agitation and mixing of the mass ofcream ,and, second, in so perforating the vanes of the dasher that jetsof cream which. pass through the said perforations shall cross eachother, and become thoroughly commingled.

In order to enable others skilled in thelart tomak'e and apply myinvention, I-will now proceed to describe its construction andoperation, reference being had to the accompanying drawing, which formsa partof this specification, and in which-Q.

Figure 1 is a longitudinal section of my improved churn.

Figure 2, a transverse vertical section ofthe same,A on the 'line 1-2,iig. 1;-and

Figure 3, a. sectional view of a portion ofthe dasher.

Similar letters refer to similar parts throughout the'several views'.

The barrel A of the churn is supported on suitablefeet a a, and has onits upper side a. square opening, b, closed by a detachable cover, c, inthe centre of which isla short tube, for the passage of gas from and theVintroduction of fresh air into the churn.

The dasher B occupies nearly the whole interior ofthe churn, and (as inmy former patent of May 16,

1848) is of such a form that it can be introduced into or withdrawn fromthe saaie through the opening b.

The dashcr has at one end a pivot, d, which turns in'a bearing securedto one head of theV churn, and at its opposite end a nut, g, into whichis screwed the handled axis C, the. latter passing through and turningin a bearing, f, on the other head of the churn.

At each end of the dasher are two transverse bars, 7L` and zfwhich crosseach other at right angles, and

are 'of different lengths, as shown in iig. 2, the opposite bars beingso arranged that the longerones shall be opposite the shorter, as 'seenbest in g. I.

In consequence of' this arrangement of the transverse bars, the vanes 7'of the dasher, which` are secured to their outer ends, alternatelyapproach and recede from the axis, and are arranged at di'erentangleswith respect to each other'.

The vanes are also secured to the cross-bars in an inclined position inrespect to the axis, as seen in fig. 2,

` a'nd e'ach vane is perforated with a. number of holes, z'.

Some of .these holes are angular, and others straight, they beinginthe-present instance arranged in'tivo rows on each vane; the holes ofone row being inclined in directions opposite to thatof thecorresponding holes of the adjacent row, (see gs.`1 and The operation ofthe dasher upon anlass of cream is somewhat similar to that described inmy former patent, the varies tending to alternately force the mass fromend to end of the churn, and at the same timeV to impart'to it a rotarymotion. p

Besides this compound motion, however, the mass is raised from thebottom and thrown toward the centre of` the churn, and the jets ofcream, which pass through the perfor-ations of the venes, cross eachother', and

become thoroughly mixed. Y

The mass of cream is thus thoroughly agitated, and is prevented, afterthe butter begins to form, and becomes thick, from adhering to andmerely revolving with the dasher.

The arrangement and angle of the perforations z' ofy the vanes may bevaried, if desired, so as to render stillvmore perfect the agitation ofthat'portion ofthe mass which'passes through them.

Without, therefore, confining myself to the particular arrangement andangle offthe vanos4 and their perforatlons,v

I claimes my inventiomand desire to secure by Letters Patent- 1. Adasher, having inclined perforated varies, arranged at an angle withrespect to each other andv to the axis of the flasher, asset forth, forthe purpose specified. n

2. So perfor'ating the venes of the'dasher that the jets of cream whichpass through the said perforations shall be vca.used"to cross eachother, as described, for the purpose specified. Y

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification in thepresence of two subscribing witnesses.

EDWA-RD SPAI.

Witnesses:

E. H. BAILEY, C. B. PRISE.

